The state of California adopted new standards in August, 2010. These new language arts and mathematics standards, know as the Common Core State Standards (CCSS), are to be fully implemented by the 2014-2015 school year.
What does my child need to know? From the California Department of Education news release:
Standards define the knowledge, concepts, and skills students should acquire at each grade level. The CCSS were developed through a state-led initiative to establish consistent, clear education standards for English-language arts and mathematics across the nation. The standards are research-based and internationally benchmarked—i.e., they are informed by the practices of academically high-achieving nations around the world. The CCSS are designed to prepare students for success in college and careers not only in the nation, but in the competitive global economy.